品格为ICF International Inc提供高级翻译(CHI→ENG)，翻译内容：欧盟碳排放权交易体系。
真实译文展示（如有保密内容均以XX替代）
Sample of real translation (Confidentiality retained with XX)
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Eu ets: Choice of EMISSIONS monitoring methodology and ASSOCIATED conditions
欧盟碳排放权交易体系：排放监测方法的选择及相关条件
- The MRR allows operators to choose either a calculation-based methodology or a measurement-based methodology to determine the emissions from an installation.
- Calculation-based methodology: Emissions determined either by a standard approach of multiplying the activity data concerning each source stream by relevant calculation factors, or by a mass-balance approach.
- Measurement-based methodology: Emissions determined by means of continuous measurement of the concentration of the relevant greenhouse gas in the flue gas of each emission source, multiplied by the corresponding measurement of flue-gas flow.
- Subject to competent authority approval an installation can employ a combination of the different methodologies.
- Whatever approach is applied, the operator also needs to meet the other conditions specified by the MRR, including in relation to required tiers.
- 监测与报告法规允许经营者选择基于计算的方法或基于测量的方法，用于确定装置的排放量。
- 基于计算的方法：通过标准方法，将各源流的相关活动数据乘以计算系数，或通过质量平衡法，确定排放量。
- 基于测量的方法通过持续测量各排放源烟气中的相关温室气体浓度，乘以对烟气流的相关测量结果，确定排放量。
- 在获得主管部门审批后，装置可以采用不同方法的组合。
- 无论采用哪种方法，经营者还需要符合监测与报告法规规定的其他条件，包括与必要层级有关的条件。
Eu ets EXPERIENCE OF CEMS
欧盟碳排放权交易体系使用CEMS的经验
- Despite the option to apply either a calculation-based or a measurement-based approach to determine emissions, use of CEMS for EU ETS compliance remains very limited.
- Some operators have extensive experience of using CEMS in relation to other legislation for pollutants other than CO2, but this tends to be only where measurements of concentration are required.
- Representative measurement of flow, and the added expense, is of particular concern.
- One industry sector unofficially mentioned an unpublished trade association study demonstrating systematic differences in flow measurements compared to calculation of 5-10%, and emphasised the utmost importance of corroborating calculations to identify where something is wrong so that corrective action can be taken.
- Most EU ETS operators are small with limited (or nil) in-house technical expertise and infrastructure available to support CEMS.
- Many of the larger better resourced installations have multiple emission points and have found it more economical and efficient to calculate their emissions instead.
- 虽然在确定排放量时可以自行选择采用基于计算或基于测量的方法，但欧盟碳排放权交易体系中对CEMS的使用非常有限。
- 一些经营者因为在除二氧化碳以外的其他污染物立法方面，积累了使用CEMS的丰富经验，但这仅限于需要测量浓度的情况。
- 尤其是对流量和额外成本进行代表性测量。
- 一个工业部门非正式地提到一项未发布的行业协会研究，证明流量测量结果与5%至10%的计算结果之间存在系统性差异，并强调了确证计算对于识别错误和采取纠正措施的重要性。
- 欧盟碳排放权交易体系的大多数经营者规模较小，可用于支持CEMS的内部专业技术知识和基础设施有限（甚至为零）。
- 许多资源更充足的大型装置有多个排放点，并发现计算排放量更经济、更高效。
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